What is Freight Class?
Freight class is a standardized classification system established by the National Motor Freight Traffic Association (NMFTA). It categorizes commodities shipped via LTL into 18 classes, ranging from Class 50 (lowest cost) to Class 500 (highest cost).
The Four Factors That Determine Freight Class
1. Density
The weight per cubic foot of your shipment. Higher density typically means lower freight class (and lower rates).2. Stowability
How easily can the freight be stored with other items? Hazardous materials, oddly shaped items, or freight that can't be stacked may have higher classifications.3. Handling
Does the freight require special handling? Fragile items, oversized packages, or goods requiring loading bars may be classified higher.4. Liability
What's the probability of damage or theft? Higher-value or more damage-prone items may be classified higher to account for increased carrier liability.Common Freight Class Examples
| Freight Class | Typical Commodities | |--------------|-------------------| | Class 50 | Clean freight, fits on pallet, very dense | | Class 70 | Food items, auto parts | | Class 85 | Machinery, cast iron stoves | | Class 100 | Boat covers, car covers, canvas | | Class 125 | Small household appliances | | Class 175 | Clothing, couches | | Class 250 | Bamboo furniture, mattresses | | Class 500 | Low-density, high-value items |
Tips for Managing Freight Class
1. Know your NMFC codes - Each product should have an assigned NMFC number 2. Measure accurately - Incorrect dimensions lead to reclassification and additional charges 3. Document everything - Take photos and keep records of packaging 4. Consider density-based pricing - Some carriers offer FAK (Freight All Kinds) rates
Working with Chainlink Solutions
We help shippers navigate freight classification and ensure accurate billing. Our team can review your shipment data and identify opportunities for classification optimization. Contact us to learn more.
